RISK FACTORS

🔹 Age & Growth Spurts – More common in children, teens, and young adults.
🔹 Genetic Disorders – Conditions like Li-Fraumeni syndrome or hereditary retinoblastoma increase risk.
🔹 Previous Radiation Therapy – High-dose radiation exposure may trigger bone cancer later.
🔹 Paget’s Disease of Bone – A condition that weakens bones, increasing cancer risk.
🔹 Bone Injuries or Implants – Chronic irritation from past bone injuries may contribute.
🔹 Family History – A genetic predisposition can increase risk.

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS

🔹 Persistent Bone Pain – A deep, aching pain that worsens at night or with movement.
🔹 Swelling or Lump – A noticeable mass over the affected bone.
🔹 Fractures (Broken Bones) – Weak bones that break easily without significant injury.
🔹 Limited Mobility – Difficulty moving a limb due to pain or stiffness.
🔹 Unexplained Weight Loss & Fatigue – Cancer-related weight loss and tiredness.

TYPES

🔹 Osteosarcoma – The most common type, typically found in children and young adults, often in the arms or legs.
🔹 Ewing Sarcoma – Affects the pelvis, ribs, or long bones and is more common in teenagers.
🔹 Chondrosarcoma – Develops in cartilage cells and is more common in adults over 40.
🔹 Chordoma – A rare type found in the spine or skull base, growing slowly.

DIAGNOSIS

📸 Imaging Tests – X-rays, CT scans, MRI, and PET scans help detect tumors.
🦴 Bone Biopsy – A sample is taken from the bone to confirm cancer type.
🩸 Blood Tests – May detect markers linked to bone cancer.

TREATMENT OPTIONS ARE :

🔹 Surgery – Removes the tumor while preserving as much bone as possible.

👉 Limb-Sparing Surgery – Removes only the tumor, preserving the limb.
👉 Amputation (Rare Cases) – Needed if cancer is widespread and affects limb function.

🔹 Chemotherapy – Uses strong drugs to shrink or kill cancer cells.
🔹 Radiation Therapy – High-energy rays target and destroy cancer cells.
🔹 Targeted Therapy – Blocks specific molecules that help cancer grow.
🔹 Immunotherapy – Boosts the body’s immune system to fight cancer.

PREVENTION & AWARENESS

✔️ Protect against radiation exposure – Only undergo medical radiation when necessary.
✔️ Monitor bone health – Treat conditions like Paget’s disease early.
✔️ Stay physically active – Regular exercise strengthens bones.
✔️ Maintain a healthy diet – Adequate calcium and vitamin D intake supports bone health.